New Life Bible Fellowship Church
11/30/25

      • Genesis 3:15ESV

      • Psalm 110ESV

      • Psalm 95:1–2KJV1900

  • All That Thrills My Soul
  • Moment by Moment

      • Proverbs 4KJV1900

  • Introduction:

    As we come to a close in our current series entitled, Christ in the Old Testament, we have been nourished spiritually by God’s timeless Word as we journeyed through nine key passages from the Old Testament, revealing how God's plan of redemption through Jesus Christ was woven into the fabric of salvation history from the very beginning, and that these revelations were given to us progressively througout our journey.
    We began with three sermons that were foundational.
    The first promise, in Genesis 3:15. - One who would crush the serpents head.
    The ultimate sacrifice, in Genesis 22:1-19. - God would provide for himself the lamb.
    The passover lamb, Exodus 12:1-13. - “When I see the blood, I will pass over you…”
    Then two sermons that showed us The Work of Atonement itself,
    The Suffering Servant, from Isaiah 53. - “…he was pierced for our transgressions…crushed for our iniquities…”
    The King on the Cross from Psalm 22. - “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”
    Then two sermons that show us The Identity of the Redeemer (Eternal God, Perfect Man),
    The Ruler from Bethlehem, from Micah 5:1-6. - “…ruler in Israel, whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days.”
    Out of Egypt I called my Son from Hosea 11. - God called the true perfect Israel, Jesus, out of Egypt to perfectly fulfill what His people Israel had failed to do.
    With our final two sermons, we began last week to focus on The Reign of the King (Humble Mission, Exalted Authority, Eternal Priesthood).
    The Humble King from Zechariah 9, where we got a glimpse that His reign as king would begin as a man of peace, making peace between man and God.
    This morning we will take one final look at this Messiah King in the Old Testament and see Him depicted as both The Eternal King and Priest from Psalm 110.

    Text: Psalm 110

    Psalm 110 ESV
    A Psalm of David. 1 The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.” 2 The Lord sends forth from Zion your mighty scepter. Rule in the midst of your enemies! 3 Your people will offer themselves freely on the day of your power, in holy garments; from the womb of the morning, the dew of your youth will be yours. 4 The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, “You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.” 5 The Lord is at your right hand; he will shatter kings on the day of his wrath. 6 He will execute judgment among the nations, filling them with corpses; he will shatter chiefs over the wide earth. 7 He will drink from the brook by the way; therefore he will lift up his head.

    Main Idea: Yahweh has enthroned David's Lord at His right hand as eternal Priest-King, guaranteeing the ultimate conquest of all His enemies.

    Background:

    Psalm 110 is the most frequently quoted or alluded to Old Testament passage in the New Testament (over 25 direct references). It's a royal psalm, a collection of 10-11 Psalms that focus on the king, particularly the Davidic king of Israel, and the relationship between God and the monarchy, many also pointing to the Messiah. The superscription "A Psalm of David" (לְדָוִד מִזְמוֹר) indicates Davidic authorship, which Jesus himself affirms in Matthew 22:43–45.
    The early church saw this psalm as crystal-clear prophecy of Christ's resurrection, ascension, present abiding at God's right hand, and his unique role as both King and eternal High Priest. The psalm divides naturally into two oracles, The Enthronement of the King (1-3) and The Priesthood of the King (4-7), each introduced by a divine declaration, The LORD says, verse 1, and The LORD has sworn, verse 4.

    I. The Enthronement of the King (1-3)

    A. The Divine Enthronement (1)

    In order to properly understand this passage, we must understand the concept of co-regency.
    Israel was fundamentally a theocracy—Yahweh was the true King (1 Samuel 8:7; 12:12). When Israel demanded a human king, it was viewed as a rejection of God's direct rule. However, God accommodated this through a covenant structure where the Davidic king functioned as His viceroy or regent—ruling on God's behalf rather than in his own right.
    The Davidic king sat on "the throne of the LORD" (1 Chronicles 29:23), not his own throne. This is remarkable language—Solomon is explicitly said to sit on Yahweh's throne as Yahweh's representative.
    1 Chronicles 29:23 ESV
    23 Then Solomon sat on the throne of the Lord as king in place of David his father. And he prospered, and all Israel obeyed him.
    The Father-Son Co-Regency Model:
    The Davidic Covenant in 2 Samuel 7:14 establishes this relationship: "I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son." This father-son language is royal adoption terminology, seen also in Psalm 2:7—"You are my Son; today I have begotten you."
    This wasn't merely metaphorical. It established a divine-human co-regency where:
    Yahweh remained the eternal, ultimate King
    The Davidic king ruled as the adopted "son" with delegated authority
    The earthly throne represented the heavenly throne
    This is precisely why Psalm 110 is so theologically significant. "Sit at my right hand" places the Davidic king in the co-regent position beside Yahweh Himself. The king rules from God's presence, wielding God's scepter (v. 2), exercising God's judgment.
    Now with that in mind, let’s look at the passage:
    1 The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”
    The Lord says (יהוה)— Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel, speaks.
    to my Lord (לַאדֹנִי)— David, the author, refers to someone as his Lord. This creates a theological problem: who is greater than David the king? This is precisely the question Jesus posed to the Pharisees (Matt 22:41–46).
    Matthew 22:41–46 ESV
    41 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question, 42 saying, “What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?” They said to him, “The son of David.” 43 He said to them, “How is it then that David, in the Spirit, calls him Lord, saying, 44 “ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet” ’? 45 If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?” 46 And no one was able to answer him a word, nor from that day did anyone dare to ask him any more questions.
    Sit at my right hand— The right hand is the position of honor, authority, and co-regency. This is an invitation to share the divine throne—an astonishing claim for any human figure.
    Until I make your enemies your footstool— The imagery of defeated enemies as a footstool was common in ancient Near Eastern iconography (cf. Josh 10:24). The until (עַד) doesn't imply cessation afterward but emphasizes the certainty of complete victory.
    Christological fulfillment: This verse is applied to Christ's ascension and session at the Father's right hand (Acts 2:34–35; Heb 1:13; 10:12–13; Eph 1:20–22). The enthronement occurred at the resurrection/ascension; the subjugation of enemies is ongoing and consummated at the Second Coming of Jesus Christ (1 Cor 15:25).

    B. The Extending Dominion (2)

    2 The Lord sends forth from Zion your mighty scepter. Rule in the midst of your enemies!
    From Zion— The king's dominion originates from God's holy mountain, the center of theocratic rule.
    Mighty scepter— The scepter (מַטֵּה־עֻזְּךָ) symbolizes royal authority. This echoes Genesis 49:10 and the promise of a ruler from Judah.
    Rule in the midst of your enemies— Not rule after enemies are defeated, but among them—a present, contested reign that nonetheless exercises true authority.
    Christological fulfillment: Christ presently rules from heavenly Zion (Heb 12:22), extending his kingdom through the gospel even while opposition continues. His kingdom advances not by the sword but by the Spirit and the Word (as we saw last week).
    Hebrews 12:22 ESV
    22 But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering,

    C. The Willing People (3)

    3 Your people will offer themselves freely on the day of your power, in holy garments; from the womb of the morning, the dew of your youth will be yours.
    This verse is textually difficult, but the main thrust is clear:
    Your people will offer themselves freely (נְדָבֹת) — Voluntary, willing service. The Messiah's army is composed of willing hearts, not be those compelled to enlist.
    Day of your power— The day of military muster or the day of the King's manifestation.
    Holy garments— The army is arrayed as priests, blurring the line between military and liturgical service.
    Dew of your youth— Poetic imagery for an innumerable, fresh, vigorous host—like dew appearing from the dawn.
    Christological fulfillment: The church is this willing army, a "royal priesthood" (1 Pet 2:9), regenerated by the Spirit to serve Christ freely. The "day of power" can be understood as Pentecost and the ongoing work of the Spirit.
    1 Peter 2:9 ESV
    9 But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light.

    II. The Priesthood of the King (4-7)

    A. The Priestly King (4)

    4 The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, “You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.”
    The LORD has sworn— A divine oath, emphasizing irrevocability (cf. Heb 6:17–18).
    Will not change his mind — יִנָּחֵם (yinnachem) — God will not relent. This priesthood is permanent.
    Priest forever — לְעוֹלָם (le'olam) — an eternal, unending priesthood, contrasting with the mortal Levitical priests.
    After the order of Melchizedek — This is the theological hinge of the psalm. Melchizedek appears in Genesis 14:18–20
    Genesis 14:18–20 ESV
    18 And Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine. (He was priest of God Most High.) 19 And he blessed him and said, “Blessed be Abram by God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth; 20 and blessed be God Most High, who has delivered your enemies into your hand!” And Abram gave him a tenth of everything.
    The context for this encounter is from Genesis 14:1-17, which describes a war in which four eastern kings defeat five Canaanite city-states and capture Lot. As a result, Abram mobilizes his household, pursues the coalition, and rescues his nephew along with all the people and plunder. As Abram returned victorious, Melchizedek—king of Salem (later Jerusalem) and priest of God Most High—emerged to provide bread and wine and to bless Abram, who in turn gave Melchizedek a tenth of everything.
    So why is this the theological hinge of the psalm? It is because this king of Salem was also called a priest of God Most High—before the Levitical system existed. He combined kingship and priesthood in one person, something forbidden for Israelite kings (cf. Uzziah in 2 Chron 26:16–21).
    Christological fulfillment: Hebrews 5–7 provides the definitive exposition. Christ is a priest not by Levitical descent but by divine oath. His priesthood is:
    Superior in origin— by oath, not genealogy
    Superior in duration— eternal, not interrupted by death
    Superior in efficacy — perfects those he represents, unlike repeated animal sacrifices
    This verse resolves the Old Testament tension: How can the Davidic king also be a priest? Only in the Messiah, who transcends and fulfills both offices.

    B. The Warrior King (5-6)

    5 The Lord is at your right hand; he will shatter kings on the day of his wrath. 6 He will execute judgment among the nations, filling them with corpses; he will shatter chiefs over the wide earth.
    The Lord at your right hand— Now "Adonai" (the Lord/Messiah) stands at Yahweh's right hand as divine warrior.
    Day of his wrath— Eschatological judgment, the "Day of the LORD" motif throughout the prophets.
    Violent imagery— The language of shattered kings, corpses, and judgment depicts the final conquest of evil. This isn't gratuitous violence but the just overthrow of all opposition to God's reign.
    Christological fulfillment: These verses anticipate Christ's return in judgment (Rev 19:11–21). The one who came first as suffering servant returns as conquering king.
    Revelation 19:11–21 ESV
    11 Then I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse! The one sitting on it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he judges and makes war. 12 His eyes are like a flame of fire, and on his head are many diadems, and he has a name written that no one knows but himself. 13 He is clothed in a robe dipped in blood, and the name by which he is called is The Word of God. 14 And the armies of heaven, arrayed in fine linen, white and pure, were following him on white horses. 15 From his mouth comes a sharp sword with which to strike down the nations, and he will rule them with a rod of iron. He will tread the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God the Almighty. 16 On his robe and on his thigh he has a name written, King of kings and Lord of lords. 17 Then I saw an angel standing in the sun, and with a loud voice he called to all the birds that fly directly overhead, “Come, gather for the great supper of God, 18 to eat the flesh of kings, the flesh of captains, the flesh of mighty men, the flesh of horses and their riders, and the flesh of all men, both free and slave, both small and great.” 19 And I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies gathered to make war against him who was sitting on the horse and against his army. 20 And the beast was captured, and with it the false prophet who in its presence had done the signs by which he deceived those who had received the mark of the beast and those who worshiped its image. These two were thrown alive into the lake of fire that burns with sulfur. 21 And the rest were slain by the sword that came from the mouth of him who was sitting on the horse, and all the birds were gorged with their flesh.
    This I believe is the fulfillment of verse 6, and as a result of His victory, we see…

    C. The Refreshed Victor (7)

    7 He will drink from the brook by the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
    This mysterious closing verse depicts the king pausing mid-battle to drink from a stream, then lifting his head in victory. Possible interpretations:
    Perseverance through suffering— The king endures hardship but emerges triumphant.
    Humility before exaltation— He stoops low (drinks from a brook, not a royal cup) before being lifted up.
    Christological fulfillment: This may foreshadow Christ's humiliation preceding his exaltation (Phil 2:8–9). He drank the cup of suffering (Mark 10:38; John 18:11) and was subsequently exalted.
    Final Theological Summary of Psalm 110 reveals Christ as:
    King: Enthroned at God's right hand, ruling over enemies (1–3)
    Priest: Eternal mediator after Melchizedek's order (4)
    Warrior: Executing final judgment on all opposition (5–6)
    These three offices—Prophet, Priest, and King (the munus triplex)—find their ultimate unity in Christ. Psalm 110 especially highlights the combining of Priest-King, something that the Levitical system could never achieve.
    The Two Advents
    Psalm 110 encompasses both Christ's present session (vv. 1–4) and his future return in judgment (vv. 5–6). The Old Testament often collapses these into a single horizon; the New Testament reveals the "already/not yet" structure of the kingdom.
    In the final analysis, as we close our series of sermons on Christ in the Old Testament, one main truth is abundantly clear, that our theme is so comprehensive that without Christ, there would be no Old Testament.
    We’ve only scratched the surface as we’ve seen Him typically as the seed of the woman who crushes the serpents head, the ultimate sacrifice given in the place of God’s covenant people, and the passover lamb whose blood protects against God’s wrath.
    We saw Him as the redeemer, who was both the suffering servant and king on the cross.
    We saw His identity revealed as both eternal God, as the ruler from Bethlehem, and perfect man called out of Egypt.
    We finally saw His reign described as humble and peaceful at His first advent, but the eternal King and Priest who is presently reigning in heaven and will come again and judge the living and the dead at His second advent and set up His eternal Kingdom in the new heaven and new earth.
    What more can be said but what John said as he closes His book of the Revelation and declares the words of our blessed Lord:
    Revelation 22:12–21 ESV
    12 “Behold, I am coming soon, bringing my recompense with me, to repay each one for what he has done. 13 I am the Alpha and the Omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end.” 14 Blessed are those who wash their robes, so that they may have the right to the tree of life and that they may enter the city by the gates. 15 Outside are the dogs and sorcerers and the sexually immoral and murderers and idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices falsehood. 16 “I, Jesus, have sent my angel to testify to you about these things for the churches. I am the root and the descendant of David, the bright morning star.” 17 The Spirit and the Bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who desires take the water of life without price. 18 I warn everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, 19 and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city, which are described in this book. 20 He who testifies to these things says, “Surely I am coming soon.” Amen. Come, Lord Jesus! 21 The grace of the Lord Jesus be with all. Amen.

    So What?

    Do we understand that Jesus is presently ruling from heaven at the right hand of the Father, as King in the midst of His enemies, building His kingdom, and as High Priest, making intercession for us, with His blood continually cleansing us?
    Do we understand that Jesus will come again the second time, destroying all His enemies, bringing eternal judgment on all evil and those who reject Christ, and set up His eternal kingdom for which there will be no end?
    Do we realize that today is the day of salvation, today, Christ is still building His Kingdom…will you repent of your sins and trust Christ alone for salvation and become a member of His kingdom?
    2 Corinthians 6:2 ESV
    2 For he says, “In a favorable time I listened to you, and in a day of salvation I have helped you.” Behold, now is the favorable time; behold, now is the day of salvation.

      • Psalm 110ESV

      • Psalm 110:1ESV

      • Matthew 22:41–46ESV

      • Psalm 110:2ESV

      • Hebrews 12:22ESV

      • Psalm 110:3ESV

      • 1 Peter 2:9ESV

      • Psalm 110:4ESV

      • Genesis 14:18–20ESV

      • Psalm 110:5–6ESV

      • Revelation 19:11–21ESV

      • Psalm 110:7ESV

      • Revelation 22:12–21ESV

      • 2 Corinthians 6:2ESV

  • He is Lord
New Life Bible Fellowship Church
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