Neo-Scholasticism was a philosophical and theological school of thought that arose in the mid-nineteenth century as a revival of medieval scholasticism, especially the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas. In the later decades of the century and well into the 20th century Neo-Scholasticism dominated the Catholic intellectual milieu.Neo-Scholasticism was a philosophical and theological school of thought that arose in the mid–-nineteenth century as a revival of medieval scholasticism, especially of the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas. In the later decades of the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth, Neo-Scholasticism dominated the Catholic intellectual milieu.

In Aristotle and the Christian Church, Azarias begins with the history of the Catholic Church and its relationship with Aristotelianism, from its condemnation by the Council of Paris in 1209 to its full recognition by the Legates of Pope Urban V. in 1366. Azarias then shows the spirit in which the Schoolmen worked to prove that the philosophy evolved by them is as distinct from that of the Lyceum as Saint Peter’s is from the Parthenon. Aristotle’s influence is there; his terms and his formulas a...