F. C. Baur is credited with founding the movement known as the “Tübingen School” of New Testament criticism. At the time, his ideas were considered radical and the movement he started largely dissipated with his death, but the method of his biblical inquiry continues to influence New Testament criticism today and his works on early Christianity and his Pauline studies are still widely cited and referred to.

Baur’s 'Paul, the Apostle of Jesus Christ' was the major study of Paul published in the nineteenth century, and it is one of the greatest works of all time on Paul. It lays the basis for modern Pauline scholarship. The first part, “The Life and Activity of the Apostle Paul,” consists of a thoroughgoing deconstruction of the account of Paul found in the Acts of the Apostles. While the author of Acts passed on historical traditions about Paul, he greatly embellished them with stories about the miraculous feats of the apostles, and constructed the entire account to show fictitious parallels between the apostles Peter and Paul. The second part, “The Epistles of the Apostle Paul,” is divided into three main sections: the authentic epistles of Paul (Galatians, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Romans), the deutero-Pauline epistles (Ephesians, Colossians, Philippians, Thessalonians, Philemon), and the Pastoral Epistles (1 and 2 Timothy, Titus).

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The history of the development of Christianity dates of course form the departure of Jesus from the world. But in Paul, this history has a new beginning; from this point we are able to trace it not only in its external features, but also in its inner connection. F.C. Baur traces the rise and development of Christianity through the first three centuries.

Baur published Die christliche Gnosis in 1835. It was his first great religio-historical study and the most important book on Gnosticism published in the nineteenth century. It is now recognized as having a pivotal status in Baur studies. In it Baur offers a unique thesis about a link between ancient and modern religious philosophy. Gnosis is a type of religious philosophy that contains ideas about the relationship between God, world, and human beings, as expressed in concrete religious traditions and practices. As such, it makes an important contribution to Christian theology. In the first part, Baur develops a concept of gnosis in dialogue with his predecessors and contemporaries. He classifies the gnostic systems in terms of how they conceive the relationship of Christianity to Judaism and paganism, and then describes them in detail (Valentinus, Ophites, Bardesanes, Saturninus, Basilides, Marcion, Pseudo-Clementines). Following transitional sections on the criticism of and reaction…

How does the historical value and character of the Acts of the Apostles stand in relation to the historical contents of the Pauline Epistles? In Paul the Apostle of Jesus Christ, F. C. Baur begins his quest with that question in mind. This inquiry divides itself into three closely connected parts: the life and work of the Apostle, the historical position and meaning of his epistles, and the contents and connection of his doctrine.

How does the historical value and character of the Acts of the Apostles stand in relation to the historical contents of the Pauline Epistles? In Paul the Apostle of Jesus Christ, F. C. Baur begins his quest with that question in mind. This inquiry divides itself into three closely connected parts: the life and work of the Apostle, the historical position and meaning of his epistles, and the contents and connection of his doctrine.

The history of the development of Christianity dates of course form the departure of Jesus from the world. But in Paul, this history has a new beginning; from this point we are able to trace it not only in its external features, but also in its inner connection. F.C. Baur traces the rise and development of Christianity through the first three centuries.

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In A Philological Introduction to Greek and Latin for Students, F.C. Baur combines literary studies, history, and linguistics to Greek and Latin texts to help those wishing to better understand the Bible in the original languages.

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The last volume of Baur's church history, based on lectures delivered during the 1850s, covers the nineteenth century. They were edited and published by Eduard Zeller after Baur's death. Since the lectures devote equal attention to theological and ecclesiastical matters, the title in English is Church and Theology in the Nineteenth Century. Baur provides critical analyses of the philosophers and theologians of the nineteenth century (Herder, Schiller, Goethe, Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Jacobi, Schleiermacher, Marheineke, Neander, Mohler, Hegel, Strauss, Feuerbach, and many others), as well as details about European Catholic and Protestant church history from 1800 to 1860. What he produces is a "participant history," written by a scholar very much engaged in the issues of his time. Ferdinand Christian Baur was a professor of theology at the University of Tubingen from 1826 to 1860. He is known for his path-breaking studies in New Testament literature and historical theology. Recent…

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Church and Theology in the Modern Era covers the period from the Reformation to the end of the eighteenth century and is based on lectures delivered by Baur in the 1840s and 1850s. It was published after his death as the fourth volume of his church history. The first and last volumes (Christianity and the Christian Church of the First Three Centuries and Church and Theology in the Nineteenth Century) have appeared in English translation from Wipf and Stock. This book contains a wealth of information, not only about the well-known figures of the Reformation and its aftermath, but also about other important persons who are often overlooked. It attends to both Protestant and Catholic history and shows that this is the most turbulent period in church history since the early years of Christianity. Ecclesiastical and political controversies are often intertwined, and momentous decisions are made that affect the modern world.